Multi-source dataset of NO2 and PM from mobile and fixed sensors in Rouen (France)
Description
This dataset, compiled by Atmo Normandie, the organization responsible for air quality monitoring in Normandy (France), contains air pollution measurements collected in the city of Rouen between January 15 and November 30, 2025. It focuses on particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and combines data from reference-grade instruments and low-cost sensor technologies. - Six fixed reference monitoring stations provide high-quality measurements every 15 minutes. Three stations represent urban background conditions (CHS, JUS, PQV), while three are located in traffic-influenced environments (QDP, RPV, SUD3). All reference measurements are expressed in µg/m³ and serve as a benchmark for air quality assessment. - Eighteen AirSensEUR sensors are installed on traffic lights across the city and record measurements approximately every minute. Besides PM and gas concentrations, these sensors measure meteorological variables such as temperature, relative humidity, and atmospheric pressure. Gas measurements (NO, NO2, Ox, CO) are expressed in µV. For all AirSensEUR data, validity flags indicate whether the data are raw (B), missing (N), or invalidated (I). - In addition, the dataset includes measurements from low-cost sensors. Ten AtmoTrack sensors are mounted on public buses, producing highly resolved mobile measurements every 10 seconds, along with GPS position, bus speed, and basic meteorological parameters. Two additional AtmoTrack sensors are fixed at the QDP station and record data every 5 minutes. These sensors also provide particle number counts for several size thresholds between 0.3 µm and 10 µm. The dataset is distributed across 68 CSV files organized into four main categories. The ‘coordinates.csv’ file provides the geographical coordinates (WGS84) of all fixed devices. The ‘reference_measures.csv’ file centralises the measurements from the reference stations, with a time column and columns identified by station and pollutant. The data from the AirSensEUR sensors is divided into 54 'ASE' files, organised by sensor and type of measurement: particulate matter (PM), gases (GAS) or meteorology (MTO). Each file contains the timestamp, the measured values and validity indicators specifying whether the data is raw (B), missing (N) or invalidated (I). Finally, twelve ‘ATM’ files contain measurements from AtmoTrack sensors. They include concentrations of PM2.5, PM10 and NO2, meteorological parameters, vehicle speed and GPS coordinates for mobile sensors, and particle counts (number of particles exceeding the specified size). Finally, it is noted that measurements from June 27 at the QDP station, including those from the two fixed AtmoTrack sensors, are anomalous due to a probable power outage. The entire day’s data for these devices should therefore be considered invalid.
Files
Steps to reproduce
Instruments connected to the ATMO Normandie network: - Low-cost sensors: 18 PM and Alphasense Chemical Sensors in AirSensEUR host (including PMS5003, NO2-B43F, NO-B4, CO-A4, OX-A431 and deported temperature, humidity and pressure sensors in each node). AirSensEUR is an Open Platform project, targeted to precise air quality measurements, developed by the Join Research Center in Ispra, in collaboration with Liberaintentio S.r.l. - Reference measures: HORIBA (model APNA 370 for JUS, PQV, RPV, QDP and SUD3) or ENVEA (model AC32e for CHS) ambient NOx analyzers, and TEI (model TEOM-FDMS 1405 for RPV and SUD3), MetOne (model BAM 1020 for QDP) or PALAS (model FIDAS 200 for CHS, JUS and PQV) for PM analyzers. - Latitude and longitude for those collected samples/data are given in coordinates.csv file. - Low-cost sensors: 10 mobile ATMOTrack sensors (see https://atmotrack.fr). Measurements, including GPS positions and bus speed, are sent every 10 seconds to ATMOTrack database, and are retrieve online by ATMO Normandie. - Low-cost sensors: 2 fixed ATMOTrack sensors. Measurements are sent every 5 minutes to ATMOTrack database, and are retrieve online by ATMO Normandie.
Institutions
- Institut National des Sciences Appliquees de RouenHaute-Normandie, Saint-Etienne-du-Rouvray