The Burden of Esophageal Cancer in China Relative to the Group-of-Twenty Nations: Trends, Demographic Drivers, and Sex-Specific Projections, 1990–2035

Description

The supplemental data comprise several complementary analyses. Supplemental Figure S1 describes long-term changes in age-standardized incidence, prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life-year (DALY) rates across G20 countries from 1990 to 2023, summarized using estimated annual percentage change (EAPC).These maps demonstrate substantial cross-country heterogeneity rather than a uniform G20-wide temporal pattern. China shows declining age-standardized measures over the study period, whereas several other G20 countries show stable or increasing patterns for one or more outcomes. Supplemental Figure S2 characterizes the 2023 burden by age and sex in China and the G20, presenting both absolute numbers and rates per 100,000 for incidence, prevalence, mortality, and DALYs.Supplemental Figure S3 examines the proportion of esophageal cancer DALYs attributable to four potentially modifiable risk factors, namely smoking, high alcohol use, low vegetable intake, and chewing tobacco, and compares their distributions across G20 countries in 1990 and 2023.Supplemental Figures S4 and S5 address why absolute esophageal cancer burden changed between 1990 and 2023. Figure S4 decomposes changes in incident cases, prevalent cases, and DALYs across G20 countries into three components: population growth, population aging, and epidemiologic change, with black dots representing the overall net change.

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Funders

• Longhu Talent Project of Bengbu Medical University

  Grant ID: LH250102004
• Science and Technology Project of Bengbu Medical University

  Grant ID: 2024byzd055

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