Development Validity and Reliability of Tennis Risk Injury identification Index An Observational study
Description
Background: Identifying intrinsic and extrinsic risk factors is important for preventing injuries in tennis sport and preventing injury. Considering the athlete’s physical capacity and sport-specific demands, helps to shift injury prevention from reactive management to a proactive approach. Pre-participation and periodic screening help in early identification of at-risk players and timely preventive intervention. Purpose: To develop, validate, and determine the reliability of a Tennis Injury Risk Identification Index for competitive and recreational tennis players. Method: Seven key domains representing intrinsic and extrinsic risk factors were identified through a comprehensive literature review and expert consultation. These domains include demographic profile, training load variables, playing characteristics, equipment-related factors, musculoskeletal factors, and psychological factors. A preliminary index based on a 4-point Likert scale was developed. Content validity will be evaluated by a panel of six experts, including sports physiotherapists, sports medicine physicians, and tennis coaches, using the Content Validity Ratio (CVR) and Content Validity Index (CVI). Discussion: The proposed index will provide a practical approach to identify tennis players at increased injury risk before participation. It may assist clinicians and coaches in training and load management, enable early preventive strategies, and improve team communication. Routine use may promote safer participation and reduce complete injury risk. Conclusion: The Tennis Injury Risk Identification Index will help in early detection of injury risk factors, supporting targeted prevention, safer participation, and improved long-term performance in tennis players. Clinical Implications: This index may help coaches and physiotherapists identify injury-prone athletes before-hand and design individualized prevention and training programs. Key words: Risk factors, pre-participation screening, injury prevention, communication