A low-cost quantitative continuous measurement of movements in the extremities of men with Parkinson’s disease
Description
Detection of movements in the extremities of people in Parkinson disease was developed to enhance the gold-standard structured assessment of people with Parkinson’s disease assessed by the visual observation by the examiner of the person with Parkinson’s disease (Goetz, et al., 2008).The examiner administered a low-cost quantitative continuous measurement of movements of the extremities of people with Parkinson’s disease (McKay, et al., 2019) to men with Parkinson’s disease in person. The examiner instructed the participant how to perform each task. The examiner demonstrated the movements. The examiner did not continue to perform the task while the participant was performing the tasks. The examiner instructed the participant to perform each movement as quickly and fully as possible. The examiner encouraged the participant to execute each motion with the maximal speed and range of motion. The examiner sought to capture at least 60 optimal repetitions for each motion. The data from this procedure performed on cohorts of individuals with Parkinson’s disease and multiple system atrophy and healthy age- and sex-matched individuals with typical development have been published (Harrigan, et al., 2020; Hernandez, et al., 2022).The data from the participants are included in the publications (Harrigan, et al., 2020; Hernandez, et al., 2022). Two experts certified in the MDS-UPDRS (Goetz, et al., 2008) then edited the original videotapes to extract only the administration of each task. One expert had participated as examiner and participant in the videotaped segments. The videotape segments correspond to the tasks of the protocol (3.17RTU: 3.17 Rest tremor amplitude upper limbs, 3.17RTUC: 3.17 Rest tremor amplitude upper limbs counting, 3.15PT: 3.15 Postural tremor of the hands, 3.4FT: 3.4 Finger tapping, 3.5HM: 3.5 Hand movements, 3.6PS: 3.6 Pronation-supination movements of the hands, 3.9ACU: 3.9 Arising from chair upper limbs, 3.9ACL: 3.9 Arising from chair upper limbs, 3.17RTL: 3.17 Rest tremor amplitude lower limbs, 3.17RTLC: 3.17 Rest tremor amplitude lower limbs counting, 3.7TT: 3.7 Toe tapping, 3.8LA: 3.8 Leg agility) (McKay, et al., 2019).
Files
Steps to reproduce
The examiner, a trained rater who is certified in the administration of the Movement Disorders Society-sponsored revision of the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS) (Goetz, et al., 2008) conducts a low-cost quantitative continuous measurement of movements in the extremities (McKay, et al., 2019; Harrigan, et al., 2020; Hernandez, et al., 2022) in a quiet room with a specific comfortable temperature. The same examiner tests all participants in the same straight-back chair with arms and without wheels several inches from a wall in the same room at a specific, comfortable temperature. The examiner speaks the instructions verbatim while demonstrating the tasks to the participant (McKay, et al., 2019). After demonstrating each task, the examiner asks the participant to begin the task. The examiner does not continue to demonstrate the task after the participant begins the task. For the repetitive items the examiner asks the participant to perform the activities as fully and as fast as possible after the participant begins the task. A technologist records the output of the instrumentation and a videographer records the motions of the participant while the task is administered in person to the participant. The examiner, the technologist, the videographer, and the participant are all in the same room for the in person assessment session. Examiners certified in the MDS-UPDRS (Goetz, et al., 2008) extract each task from the videotapes (3.17RTU: 3.17 Rest tremor amplitude upper limbs, 3.17RTUC: 3.17 Rest tremor amplitude upper limbs counting, 3.15PT: 3.15 Postural tremor of the hands, 3.4FT: 3.4 Finger tapping, 3.5HM: 3.5 Hand movements, 3.6PS: 3.6 Pronation-supination movements of the hands, 3.9ACU: 3.9 Arising from chair upper limbs, 3.9ACL: 3.9 Arising from chair upper limbs, 3.17RTL: 3.17 Rest tremor amplitude lower limbs, 3.17RTLC: 3.17 Rest tremor amplitude lower limbs counting, 3.7TT: 3.7 Toe tapping, 3.8LA: 3.8 Leg agility) (McKay, et al., 2019) as separate files to be placed in a repository for viewing by raters.