Disclosing Medication Errors: A Virtual Simulation Case for Pediatric Healthcare Providers Supplementary
Description
Introduction: Medication errors are among the most common adverse events in pediatric emergency departments, yet interprofessional training in disclosing these errors to patients and families remains inconsistent and underresourced. This paper describes the systematic development and iterative refinement of a high-fidelity, low-cost virtual simulation case to address this gap. Methods: A multidisciplinary team of six clinician-educators in [a multidisciplinary educational program] developed the simulation using an iterative design process grounded in INACSL standards. The case depicts a nurse inadvertently administering Cephalexin (Keflex) instead of Levetiracetam (Keppra) to a 14-year-old in a pediatric emergency department. A developmental pilot informed three design refinements prior to finalization of the resource. Results: Three iterative design changes were implemented: (1) removal of mandatory role assignment to reduce cognitive load; (2) replacement of a history-taking opening with a prerecorded video trigger to focus learners on the disclosure task; and (3) restructuring of the debrief to prioritize facilitated discussion over didactic instruction. The resulting resource comprises a complete, turnkey simulation package: pre-brief script, facilitator scenario guide, debriefing guide, and a learner evaluation survey aligned with Kirkpatrick levels 1 and 2. Discussion: This resource provides a generalizable, evidence-based tool for training interprofessional teams in medical error disclosure. It requires no specialized equipment or simulation laboratory and is designed for facilitators without advanced simulation expertise. Future implementations should administer the included evaluation survey to generate outcome data across diverse learner populations.
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Institutions
- National University of SingaporeSingapore