Sleep quality in patients enrolled in a methadone maintenance program in Colombia: a cross-sectional study

Description

Introduction: Opioid use disorder is a growing public health problem. Although methadone maintenance programs are effective, sleep disturbances are common and may affect clinical outcomes. In Latin America, evidence on this issue remains limited. Objective: To describe sleep quality and explore associated factors in patients enrolled in a methadone maintenance program in Colombia. Materials and methods: An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted. Patients aged 18 years or older with at least three months in the program were included. Sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Descriptive analysis and bivariate analysis were performed using Poisson regression with robust variance to estimate prevalence ratios. Results: A total of 81 patients were included, with a mean age of 33.3 years and a predominance of males. The median global sleep quality score was 8 points. Overall, 75.3% of participants had poor sleep quality. Sleep latency was the most affected component. No statistically significant associations were found between sleep quality and the evaluated variables. Discussion: These findings confirm the high frequency of sleep disturbances among patients receiving methadone treatment. The lack of associations may be explained by the sample size, population homogeneity, or unmeasured factors. Conclusions: Poor sleep quality is highly prevalent among patients in methadone maintenance programs. Its systematic assessment should be considered in clinical practice due to its potential impact on health and the therapeutic process.

Institutions

• Institución Universitaria Visión de las Américas

  Antioquia, Medellín

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