Inequities in Access to Rehabilitation Services in Ninevah
Description
Data were gathered through face-to-face, interviewer-administered questionnaires conducted by trained research assistants who were proficient in the local dialects. The questionnaire consisted of several key sections. Sociodemographic Characteristics: This section collected essential demographic information, including age, sex, educational attainment, household income, ethnicity, and displacement status (e.g., internally displaced persons, returnees, and host community members). Rehabilitation Service Utilization: The primary outcome variable was assessed using a dichotomous (Yes/No) question that asked participants whether they had ever used any formal rehabilitation services during their lifetime. Perceived Barriers to Access: Perceived barriers were evaluated using a 12-item scale rated on a 5-point Likert response format ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). The items were specifically developed to reflect the five dimensions of access proposed by the Penchansky and Thomas “5 A’s of Access” framework, allowing for a comprehensive assessment of the various challenges encountered by individuals with disabilities when seeking rehabilitation services (Strauser et al., 2019). Functional Impairment: Functional status was measured using the Arabic version of the 12-item short-form of the WHO Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 (WHODAS 2.0). This validated instrument assesses functioning across six domains: cognition, mobility, self-care, interpersonal relationships, life activities, and social participation. In the current study, the instrument demonstrated strong internal consistency, with a Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0.87, indicating high reliability among the study participants.
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Institutions
- Ninevah UniversityNineveh, Mosul