Hindi translation, cultural adaptation, validation, and reliability assessment of the Upper Extremity Functional Scale in patients with musculoskeletal disorders affecting the upper limb.
Description
This study focuses on the Hindi translation, cultural adaptation, validation, and reliability of the Upper Extremity Functional Scale (UEFS) for patients with musculoskeletal disorders affecting the upper limb. This study converted the UEFS into Hindi language to ensure linguistic accessibility. Cross-Cultural Adaptation was done to modify the scale to align with cultural and contextual differences in the Hindi-speaking population. Validation study evaluated whether the translated and adapted version accurately measures upper limb functionality. Reliability study assessed the consistency and dependability of the adapted scale when used in clinical or research settings.
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This cross-cultural adaptation study was conducted at the Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation (MMIPR), Haryana, India, using a convenience sampling method. A total of 31 patients participated in concurrent validity testing, 52 in reliability testing, and 16 in cross-cultural adaptability. The study spanned two years (2023-2025), with data collection from March to December 2024. The UEFS (Hindi Version) and SPADI were used as outcome measures. Ethical clearance was obtained under IEC/MMDU/2799 and CTRI/2024/10/074798, adhering to ICMR (2017) and Helsinki Declaration (2013) guidelines. Inclusion criteria included Hindi-speaking individuals aged 18-25 with shoulder pain, while those with neurological conditions, surgical implants, acute trauma, or psychological disorders were excluded. Materials included the UEFS (Hindi), paper, pen/pencil, and goniometer. The UEFS was translated into Hindi following Beaton et al.'s guidelines, after securing permission from the original author.
Institutions
- Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation