Impact of Comorbid Anxiety and Depression on Pregnancy Outcomes in Women with Gestational Hypertension: A Case-Control Study
Description
Objective: To investigate the prevalence of anxiety and depression in patients with gestational hypertension and its impact on pregnancy outcomes. Methods: A case-control study was conducted, involving 446 patients with gestational hypertension and 200 healthy pregnant women as controls. Anxiety and depression levels were assessed using the Self-rated Anxiety Scale (SAS) and the Self-rated Depression Scale (SDS). The incidence rates of anxiety and depression between the two groups. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression were used to explore factors influencing anxiety and depression. Pregnancy and perinatal outcomes were compared using chi-square tests and t-tests. Results: The incidence of comorbid anxiety and depression in the gestational hypertension group (20.9%) was significantly higher than in the control group (7.0%, P <0.05). Univariate analysis showed that there were statistical differences in the incidence of anxiety and depression at different educational levels, whether there was a history of adverse pregnancy, whether there was gestational hypertension, and whether there was thyroid disease (P <0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that educational level, history of adverse pregnancy, and gestational hypertension were significant factors influencing the occurrence of anxiety and depression. The incidence rates of preterm birth, preeclampsia, postpartum haemorrhage, and low birth weight infants in the anxiety and depression group were significantly higher than those of the nonanxiety and depression group (P <0.05). Conclusions: Anxiety and depression are more prevalent in patients with gestational hypertension and are associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Routine psychological evaluation and intervention are recommended for this population to improve maternal and newborn health. KEYWORDS: Gestational Hypertension; Anxiety; Depression; Pregnancy Outcomes