Altered Motor Control in Autism: Behavioral, Physiological, and Modeling Results

Published: 14 August 2026| Version 1 | DOI: 10.17632/yhwnvr6vcd.1
Contributor:
Xenia-Valerie Schmitz

Description

Motor coordination challenges are common in neurodevelopmental conditions, including in autism spectrum disorder, yet mechanisms remain largely unclear. In autism, aside from repetitive behaviors, motor symptoms can be subtle, yet pervasive and have received comparatively little attention. We hypothesized that these difficulties arise from altered predictive processing, manifesting in motor behavior as decreased postural stability due to delayed anticipatory postural adjustments. To test this, we combined analyses of a simple biomechanical model with kinematic, force, and muscle-activation data from autistic and non-autistic children performing an arm-raising task while standing. Simulations identified the mechanical demands for anticipatory stabilization of balance. Empirically, autistic children prolonged arm deceleration, increased postural variability, and delayed activation of several postural muscles. Principal component analysis confirmed a unique coupling of these features in autistic children. Simulations corroborated that motor differences in autism may stem from shorter prediction horizons, increasing reliance on feedback and contributing to coordination challenges.

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Motor Control, Autism, Human Movement Studies, Postural Control Problem

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