Breaking the Burnout Cycle: How Proactive Personality Shields Master's Students Through Dual Pathways of Perceived supervisor support and subjective academic achievement
Description
Participants completed four standardized psychological scales: 1. **Proactive Personality Scale (PPS):** 10 items measuring the tendency to take initiative and persist until meaningful change occurs (e.g., "I am constantly on the lookout for new ways to improve my life"). 2. **Maslach Burnout Inventory-Student Survey (MBI-SS):** 15 items measuring the three dimensions of academic burnout: **emotional exhaustion**, **academic cynicism**, and **reduced self-efficacy**. 3. **Perceived Supervisor Support Scale:** 31 items measuring three types of support: **academic** (guidance on research), **personal** (emotional reassurance), and **autonomy** (encouraging independent problem-solving). 4. **Subjective Academic Achievement Scale (SAAS):** 5 items measuring students' internal evaluation of their own academic progress and success relative to their goals and peers, distinct from objective grades.