International Journal of Biological Macromolecules

pH-Induced structural transition during nano-complexation and precipitation of sodium caseinate and cationic polypeptide

complete genome.fas The sequence of complete genome of the Phauda flammans. We checked by manual proofreading according to its relative species. tree.fas The dateset is what we used in the tree reconstruction.

supplementary materials

Genome-wide identification and characterization of R2R3-MYB family in Hypericum perforatum

In previous research, some G. glabra polysaccharides were isolated and examined its physicochemical property and preliminary structural features. However, the detailed structure of G. glabra polysaccharides and its conformational structural properties have not been studied systematically. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to systematically investigate the fine structure and conformational properties and antioxidant activities of G. glabra polysaccharide by Ligand-Exchange HPLC column, methylation and GC-MS analysis, one and two-dimensional NMR spectra and Congo red staining. Moreover, scanning electron microscope and X-Ray Diffraction analysis were used to confirm the shape of polysaccharide. Thermal properties of polysaccharide were also studied. Antioxidant activities of G. glabra crude polysaccharides were studied on the model of DPPH radical scavenging, ABTS radical scavenging, and hydroxyl radical scavenging rates.

energies of D-rhamnose ring conformers; time series of rhamnose ring puckers from MD simulations in aqueous solution; probability densities for the alpha-D-mannopyranose-(1-2)-alpha-D-rhamnopyranose disaccharide calculated from MD simulations in vacuum and aqueous solution

Ginsenoside Rh2 (3β-O-Glc-protopanaxadiol), a trace but an important pharmacological component of ginseng, has exhibited excellent medicinal potential. Many studies have found that the synthesis of Rh2 by UDP-glucosyltransferase (UGT) is an alternative production strategy. In this study, Yjic from B. subtilis 168 was found to synthesize ginsenoside F12 (3β,12β-Di-O-Glc-protopanaxadiol) and Rh2 at a ratio of 7:3. Yjic regioselectivity toward Rh2 synthesis was successfully improved using a semi-rational design including structure-guided alanine scanning and saturation mutations. As a result, mutant M315F was found to efficiently synthesize Rh2 (~99%) and block the further glycosylation of C12-OH. The circulation of UDPG was achieved by combining M315F with AtSuSy through a cascade reaction. Furthermore, an extraordinarily high yield of Rh2 (3.7 g/L) was attained in an aqueous solvent system with 17% DMSO (v/v) through the fed-batch feeding of PPD. This study presents the high potential for the oriented preparation of ginsenoside Rh2.

Supplementary figures and figure legends for the main text.

data for international journal of biological macromolecules

The small heat shock proteins (sHsps/Hsp20s) are the molecular chaperones that maintain proper folding, trafficking and disaggregation of proteins under diverse abiotic stress conditions. In the present investigation, a genome-wide scan revealed the presence of a total of 47 sHsps in Sorghum bicolor (SbsHsps), distributed across 10 subfamilies, the major subfamily being P (plastid) group with 17 genes. Chromosomes 1 and 3 appear as the hot spot regions for SbsHsps, and majority of them were found acidic, hydrophilic, unstable and intron less. Interestingly, promoter analysis indicated that they are associated with both biotic and abiotic stresses, as well as plant development. Sorghum sHsps exhibited 15 paralogous and 20 orthologous duplications. Expression analysis of 15 genes selected from different subfamilies showed high transcript levels in roots and leaves implying that they are likely to participate in the developmental processes. SbsHsp genes were highly induced by diverse abiotic stresses inferring their critical role in mediating the environmental stress responses. Gene expression data revealed that SbsHsp-02 is a candidate gene expressed in all the tissues under varied stress conditions tested. Our results contribute to the understanding of the complexity of SbsHsp genes and help to analyse them further for functional validation.